This idiom describes desperately grasping at unlikely or ineffective solutions in a hopeless situation, like a drowning person clutching at floating straws. It conveys desperation or futility, often used in personal, professional, or emotional contexts to depict futile efforts.

The phrase carries a tone of pity, urgency, or critique, reflecting cultural values of realism and the human tendency to cling to hope. Its imagery of drowning evokes a frantic struggle, resonating in scenarios like failing plans or crises. The idiom highlights desperation, making it a poignant metaphor for grasping at slim chances.

The phrase originated in 16th-century England, from Thomas More’s *Dialogue of Comfort* (1534), stating ‘A drowning man will clutch at straws.’ Its use was cemented in the 18th century, with Samuel Johnson’s *Dictionary* (1755) noting it. The idiom gained traction in 19th-century literature, notably in Charles Dickens’ *Great Expectations* (1861), for desperate characters. Its spread was amplified by psychological and legal discourse, with *The Times* using it for futile defenses. Its adoption across English-speaking cultures stems from its vivid imagery and relevance to desperation.